Propagação e Radiação

- Understand the notion of a monochromatic plane electromagnetic wave, the concept of phase and phase velocity, and the temporal and spatial phase constants;

- Understand Maxwell's equations in differential and integral formats, and understand how these are particularized for different scenarios with and without radiation sources;

- Understand the boundary conditions at the interfaces between media where monochromatic plane waves propagate, namely in undefined and semi-undefined media: laws of reflection and transmission, total reflection and power transfer;

- Understand the condition of guided propagation, the propagation mode, and cutoff frequency;

- Know the main characteristics of rectangular and circular cross-section waveguides, as well as how to analyze transmission lines both from the point of view of their fundamental parameters and their adaptation conditions and respective methods of maximizing power transfer

- Understand the basic functioning of optical fibers and the operation in multimodal regime;

- Understand the relationship between vector potential and scalar potential and the respective calculation of fields emitted by a source in the far zone

- Know the concept of duality of Maxwell's equations and the basic expressions of the fields radiated by elementary structures, namely by the current element and the elementary aperture

- Understand the operation of different types of antennas, namely their operation at transmission and reception and their fundamental parameters, such as the radiation diagram, the antenna impedance, the gain, and the directivity;

- Understand antenna arrays, their potential and limitations, and the existing degrees of freedom in the array configuration that make it possible to change its spatial selectivity.